Woodstock :: History

Dickens said it first: ‘It was the best of times, it was the worst of times’. It’s a amalgam that will never be reproduced again,† said Burt Feldman, a Bethel town historian.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  That weekend, there were liars, lovers, prophets and profiteers. They all made love, money, and a little history. Over all, the bash cost more than 2.4 million dollars. Four different people sponsored it. There was John Roberts, Joel Rosenman, Artie Kornfeld and Michael Lang. The oldest was only 26, and the youngest man being only 23. All four of the guys didn’t agree on much, butt they did agree on a slogan, â€Å" Three Days of Peace and Music.† They figured that the â€Å"peace† would help promote the anti-war act and they figured it might also decrease violence. The Dove on the Guitar was originally a catbird perched on a flute. But, because of the Peace slogan and mostly rock-n-roll music called for the dove on the guitar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  They designed about 50,000 people, even though, they said that there was a possibility that 100,000 to even 150,000 people may be attending. The amplifier’s, at their lowest setting, would cause pain to anyone standing within a ten foot radius of the speakers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Friday through Monday, everyone who had been there had a time that they would never forget, had it have been good, or had it have been bad. There were three deaths through out the entire weekend. One of the deaths was caused by a tractor accident, and the other two were both drug overdoses.

Occupational Adaptation Theory

There are many models that provide healthcare professionals with a filter in how they view and asses occupational challenges that individuals encounter. The occupational adaptation (OA) model is based on the assumption that the more adaptable an individual is, in an ever-changing environment, the more functional they become (Schultz, 2014). This assumption is what separates the OA model from other models (Schultz, 2014). The person-environment-occupation (PEO) model, for example, typically assesses environmental barriers which impede an individual's functional performance and make modifications to the environment to improve occupational performance (Brown, 2014). While the PEO model is successful in promoting the best fit between an individual, their environment, and their occupation (Brown, 2014), other healthcare professionals find success through the use of the OA model by promoting adaptability within the environment (Schultz, 2014).History of Occupational AdaptationThe theory of occupational adaptation was developed by Janette Schkade and Sally Schultz in 1992 at Texas Woman's University (Schultz, 2014). Schkade and Schultz were part of the faculty who was challenged by the dean of the program at Texas Woman's University to develop a Ph.D. program in occupational therapy (Schultz, 2014). It was agreed upon that occupation and adaptation were important concepts of occupational therapy (Schultz, 2014). When the Ph.D. program was established, occupational adaptation was foundational to their philosophy and research (Schultz, 2014). The focus of the theory of occupational adaptation is to enhance overall performance (Schultz, 2014). By developing this theory, Schkade and Schultz's goal was to develop adaptive skills and successfully achieve personal adaptation. Furthermore, the theory of occupational adaptation is based on the relationship between occupational performance and human adaptation (Schultz, 2014).Occupational Adaptation TheoryOccupational performance is defined as having the ability to carry out roles, routines, and tasks in response to demands of the environment (Ranka, J., & Chapparo, C. 1997). The OA theory emphasizes the influence of the interaction between the environment and an individual on occupational performance (Schultz, 2014). Schkade and Schultz found that the more adaptive a person becomes, the more functional they are which improves overall occupational performance. Personal adaptation is defined as an ongoing change of order and disorder, and reorganization (Schultz, 2014). The environment is an area that is largely out of one's control; to be functional in an ever-changing area, it is best to adjust to the given circumstance (Schultz, 2014). Schematic Schkade, J. K., ; Schultz, S. (1992)Occupational Adaptation Process ModelIn the occupational adaptation process model by Schkade ; Schultz (1992), the person is influenced by internal factors which demand adaptation and create a desire for mastery. An individual's internal factors are influenced by the sensorimotor, cognitive, and psychosocial systems (Schultz, 2014). These systems are responsible for responses to the environment and challenges (Schultz, 2014). The occupational environment poses external factors in which an individual's roles and occupations take place (Schultz, 2014). The occupational environment creates a demand for mastery and is strongly associated with a person's physical, social, and cultural background (Schultz, 2014). External factors largely affect an individual's response and ability to adapt (Schultz, 2014). Through occupation, there is constant interaction between an individual and the occupational environment (Schultz, 2014). Due to the consistent interaction between a person and his or her environment, occupational challenges arise and a press for mastery is created (Schultz, 2014). The occupational role expectation is contingent upon the environment and demands for adaptation in response to the occupational challenge (Schultz, 2014). When an individual adapts to changes in the environment, this is called the â€Å"occupational response† (Schultz, 2014).Role of Occupational TherapistThe theory of occupational adaptation focuses on developing an individual's adaptive skills through therapeutic use of occupation (Schultz, 2014). The therapeutic use of occupation uses occupational activities to promote the desire to adapt and succeed (Schultz, 2014). The techniques that are used to promote the desire to adapt are crucial for success or otherwise could provide the opposite results and inhibit the desire to adapt (Schultz, 2014). Interferences that often impede an individual's success are poor approach, repetition of ineffective exercises, depression, and frustration (Schultz, 2014). Therapists should grade activities using the â€Å"just right† approach so that a person feels successful, but is still challenged (Schultz, 2014). While some interferences can be overcome for success, deficits in sensorimotor, cognitive, and psychosocial systems place significant limitations on an individual's ability to respond with adaptations (Schultz, 2014). The role of the therapist is not to take away a person's challenges, but to help them to discover their ability to adapt (Schultz, 2014).Application to Occupational TherapyThis theory can be successfully applied in intervention in schools, home care, inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation, and mental health (Schultz, 2014). Thus, there is a wide variety of individuals that could benefit from this model including children, people who have had strokes, post-surgery or injured patients, individuals with dementia, and caregivers (Schultz, 2014). People who have had strokes, specifically, have been successful with this model because of the structure and focus that it provides (Schultz, 2014). Therapists have guided these patients using this model by providing adaptive strategies for their new roles (Schultz, 2014). Therapists have also found success using this model in rehabilitation interventions (Schultz, 2014). Whether it is post-surgery or injury, therapists have found that their patients are more successful and engaged when the intervention plan includes strategies of adaptation within their daily occupational role (Schultz, 2014). In schools, this model has been successful when paired with the occupation of reading model for children who experience difficulty reading (Schultz, 2014). The OA model was used to engage children in meaningful reading activities where they feel confident and successful (Schultz, 2014). Therapists found that when adjusting the reading level, children experienced relative mastery (Schultz, 2014). While the goal of most intervention is improved performance, the OA model focuses on promoting adaptability, which improves overall performance (Schultz, 2014).ConclusionThe ecological model is similar to the OA model in that they both emphasize the influence that the environment has on an individual's occupational performance (Schultz, 2014; Brown, 2014). While the OA model focuses on the importance of adaptability within the environment (Schultz, 2014), the ecological model focuses on modifying the environment for optimal performance (Brown, 2014). The person-environment-occupation (PEO) model, specifically, relates function or dysfunction to a person's fit to the environment (Brown, 2014). Dysfunction, according to the PEO model, is due to a poor person-environment fit and can be rectified by changing the environment (Brown, 2014). The PEO model is based on the idea that therapists should focus on changing the environment to enhance performance rather than changing the individual (Brown, 2014). Consequently, an individual's occupational success is then limited to the confines of the environment that has been adjusted to their capabilities (Schultz, 2014). For example, a child that has difficulty attending to tasks in a loud room: changing the individual's environment to a quiet room would result in improved occupational performance, but the child is then limited to functional performance within the means of a quiet environment. The OA model adequately prepares a person for an ever-changing environment that they can adapt to, therefore their occupations are not limited to one environment (Schultz, 2014). For example, a child that has difficulty attending to tasks in a loud room: a child that is guided on how to adapt in a loud environment through the use of headphones will then be able to apply their new found adaptive skills in other environments. The OA model differs from other models through collaboration with the person and by instilling confidence as well as empowering them with skills that can be applied throughout all of their occupations (Schultz, 2014). I feel most aligned with the OA model because it focuses on life skills that are important to be successful throughout life (Schultz, 2014). The OA model is limitless in the population and settings that it can be applied in, which creates stability and structure to help people thrive (Schultz, 2014). In an ever-changing environment that is inevitable, the OA model provides the necessary structure and guidance to function throughout life (Schultz, 2014).ReferencesBrown, C. (2014). Ecological Models in Occupational Therapy. In Willard and Spackman's Occupational Therapy (12th ed., pp. 494-504). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Model of occupational adaptation process. (1992). In Occupational adaptation: Toward a holistic approach to contemporary practice (Part 1).American Journal of Occupational Therapy. Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://ajot.aota.org/article.aspx?articleid=1875314.Ranka, J., & Chapparo, C. (1997). Occupational Performance Model (Australia). Retriev ed September 1, 2018, from http://www.occupationalperformance.com/definitions/Schkade, J. K., & Schultz, S. (1992). Occupational adaptation: Toward a holistic approach to contemporary practice, Part 1. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 46, 829-837. doi:10.5014/ajot.46.9.829Schultz, S. W. (2014). Theory of Occupational Adaptation. In Willard and Spackman's Occupational Therapy (12th ed., pp. 527-540). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams ; Wilkins.Schultz, S. , ; Schkade, J. K. (1992). Occupational adaptation: Toward a holistic approach to contemporary practice, Part 2. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 46, 917-926. doi:10.5014/ajot.46.10.917

Why Did Stalin Come to Power and Not Trotsky - 1370 Words

History Essay: Why Stalin Not Trotsky Stalin’s race to become the all mighty ruler fully started after Lenin died of a stroke on the 21st of January 1924. With Lenin gone, Stalin started to eliminate the other members of the Communist Party: Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Rykov, Tomsky and Bukharin. He very cleverly switched between the left wing and the right wing, by making alliances with one wing the suddenly breaking with them, only to join the other wing, going against everything that they had just achieved. Stalin knocked out all other party members along the way even those who were considered to be his friend. His violent childhood, misguided early life and the death of his first wife caused him to lose all sense of emotion turning†¦show more content†¦There is no doubt that Stalin was very lucky within the communist party with the timing of Lenin’s death. If Lenin had not suffered from a stroke, then he would have had the chance to exclude Stalin from the communist party. In Lenin’s e yes Stalin was considered very rude, aggressive in his methods and dangerous to the people. However Lenin could not expell Stalin orally, so he wrote in it is his testament instead. â€Å"Comrade Stalin having become the General Secretary has immeasurable power in his hands, and I am not sure he knows how to use that power with sufficient caution. Lenin’s testament was never read out to the public or the communist party because Stalin, Zinoviev and Kamenev decided it was better that Trotsky was not in power and to keep Stalin on Zinoviev’s and Kamenev’s side. Stalin was very clever with the methods in which he used to progress himself in the party however they were very risky. These risks included misinformation, drastic internal shifts within the communist party and turning party members against each other. 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Shakespeare and the Comedy of Forgiveness Book Review

In the introduction to Hunters Shakespeare and the Comedy of Forgiveness, the author announces his intention to combat oversimplifications that have arisen over the past few decades with regards to the scholarship of Shakespeare, wherein the attitude of Shakespeare itself at the time of his writing would actually reflect the politics and intent of the work itself (e.g. King Lear having a sad ending indicating Shakespeare being despondent at the time of its composition). This studywill be an attempt to investigate one feature the denouement in forgiveness which is common to five of the later comedies (Hunter 2). In this way, Hunter is unique, in that he seeks to differentiate Shakespeares plays from the normal categories of problem play, romance, and so on, and investigate their actual endings, calling them comedies of forgiveness. In essence, Hunter describes the thematic and dramatic basis for the concept of forgiveness as an ending, as opposed to merely advocating defeat of the oppressor in the beginning of a story. In the course of creating drama, one must have a person who personifies the conflict the other characters face in the story thus making an oppressor. This oppressor is called the humanum genus , and for one reason or another he or she oppresses their lover or their family in some way, and requires forgiveness by the end of the play. However, in order to defeat the conflict and live happily ever after, the oppressor must be defeated in some way, which can undercut the pleasantness of comedy. Therefore, a compromise is reached in the form of forgiveness; by the protagonist forgiving the antagonist, the antagonist themselves can participate in this success as well, and revel in victory and happiness along with the rest of the cast. This way, the conflict is eliminated while not having to sacrifice the happiness or well-being of the oppressor (Hunter 4). Â  This is the essence of forgiveness in Shakespeares plays, which Hunter recounts in expressive and incredible detail. In Chapter 2, Forgiveness of Sins in the Medieval Drama, Hunter notes the importance of forgiveness as an incredibly important tenet of the medieval drama. The forgiveness of sins is necessarily a central concern in the religious drama of the Middle Ages (Hunter 10). From the Bible to pre-Renaissance literature, the Middle Ages were chiefly concerned with avoiding Gods judgment, which inherently involved being forgiven. Because of the mysteries role in determining divine mercy, Europe in the Middle Ages was obsessed with avoiding hellfire and brimstone through worthy actions; this meant that, if they did do wrong, forgiveness needed to be within reach. Hunter uses Scripture, particularly the Psalms and the Ludus Coventriae, to illustrate just how important these attributes were to the English in the medieval era and how its importance applied to Shakespeares adaptations. Shakespeare, in constructing his comedies of forgivenesseither selected a story in which the sin/contrition/forgiv eness pattern was already presentor he altered his narrative source so as to create such a pattern (Hunter 40). In Chapter 3, Pre-Shakespearean Comedies of Forgiveness, we gain some insight into the previous entries to this particular genre, before Shakespeare contributed his own to the fold. These works all follow the same structure of yearning for forgiveness: In both the religious and secular moralities of the sixteenth century, the medieval pattern of a humanum genus figure subjected to temptation and succumbing to it, only to be forgiven and saved, continues to be discernible as the commonest basic structure for these plays (Hunter 42). The transition from religious to secular forgiveness occurs here, as Hunter describes Shakespeares comedies of forgiveness as ones where God has disappeared as a physical presence, from the scene (48). Hunter, here, notes the one of the main concerns of the writer of secular comedies of forgiveness is the avoidance of crime, for the crimes which are pardoned in these plays invariably turn out to have been committed only by intention (48). Thus, pre-Shakesp earean authors would typically have their evil characters only intent or think their crimes, as in Thomas Gutters Commody of the moste vertuous. In Chapter 4, Hunter delves into his first of five comedies of forgiveness, Much Ado About Nothing. Here, he notes his thesis statement for all of the comedies he wishes to cover; in these works, the humanum genus figure offends the woman who loves him and is forgiven by her (Hunter 87). The heroes of these stories apparently are unable to trust love absolutely, and therefore appear to drive their heroine to death, only for the hero to be forgiven when they turn out to be alive. In the case of Much Ado, Claudio has fallen in love with Hero, who is then misled by Don John to distrust Hero and fear her having an affair with another man. When he hears that Hero has died he begs for forgiveness for his sins, and the natural condition of the world has been restored Shakespeare then asks his audience to join him in forgiving Claudio. In Chapter 5, Hunter turns this same perspective of forgiveness to Alls Well That Ends Well, in which the love of Bertran and Helena is constantly countered by their disparity in social position. In Alls Well that Ends Well, the world of comedy is threatened not so much by strife as by mutability, says Hunter, noting the constantly dying world Shakespeare presents in the play, and the need to overcome differences in order to perpetuate it through romance (107). In this play, the gender of the person needing forgiveness is reversed, as Bertram imposes conditions on Helena in order for her to be worthy of marrying him; Shakespeare has altered his story in a very basic way. Instead of a clever wench who must prove herself worthy of an aristocratic husband, we have an unworthy husband who must be made worthy of his wife (Hunter 112). In Chapter 6, Hunter takes a break from examining the plays to discuss the apparent disparity in quality between his romances; inevitably, students of Shakespeare are asked to account for the debatable quality of Cymbeline from the author of King Lear and As You Like It to account for the peculiarity we imagine that something peculiar had happened to Shakespeare (Hunter 132). Hunter, instead of going through these circular argument, argues that shy should be considered as documents in the history of Shakespeares art in which his own consideration of comedy had changed, not his consideration of the world (112). In between his earlier and later comedies, he worked on Promos and Cassandra, King Leir and Pericles, all works that deal directly with forgiveness of wrongs and a unique atmosphere of romance in which forgiveness was necessary . This is where his primary thesis lies: the later romances are not mistakes or disordered messes but a meaningful pattern of sin, repentance and forgi veness that must be recognized in order to fully benefit from their reading (Hunter 141). Chap 7 Chapter 7 sees Hunter examine one of Shakespeares less well-regarded plays, Cymbeline, which is typically seen with a bit more critical eye than many of Shakespeares other romances: Pusthumus and Imogens relationship is the one that primarily focuses on the forgiveness angle that Shakespeare is said to emphasize in this play: Posthumus is the central, humanum genus figure of the playhis jealousy is at the heart of the plays ’radical theme and the total effect of Cymbeline depends absolutely upon a sympathetic understanding of Posthumus contrition and an emotional involvement in his forgiveness (Hunter 143). In essence, by understanding what Posthumus is doing wrong by being as jealous as he is, and that Imogen is the forgiver in an almost-saintly way. Imogen is sometimes, then, seen as the deity who bestows her grace upon her worshiper, sometimes as the worshiper who adores her god (147). In this way, the forgiveness of Posthumus by Imogen is directly likened to the medieval t radition of seeking forgiveness by God for ones sins. In Chapter 8, Hunter focuses largely on the treatment of forgiveness in The Winters Tale. In this play, King Leontes is absolutely the humanum genus character, as he is jealous and pernicious, as well as prone to revenge, attempting to poison Polixenes and imprisoning his wife for potentially carrying Polixenes child. While many critics claim that Leontes is meant to be a true villain rather than a nuanced attempt at portraying someone who is childish and flippant, Hunter supports this latter assertion while still noting the cruelty of man and his fate in the face of evil: In Leontes, Shakespeare is presenting us with a human mystery and he is presenting it as a mystery. His genius enables him to see and dramatize one of the most puzzling complexities of the mind: the presence of hate within love, and the constant danger that love will succumb to the desire to hate (Hunter 188). While the humanum genus figure in most of Shakespeares comedies of forgiveness are the victims of societal norms, temporary lusts for power or misunderstandings of gender politics, Hunter argues that Leontes is vilified a bit more than those others: But the villain is Leontes himselfLeontes is his own calumniator the most completely unexcused of all Shakespeares humanum genus figures (Hunter 190). Shakespeares overall negative portrayal of Leontes as capricious and jealous is meant to finally cement the premise that human nature is inherently evil or rather, of a mingled yarne, good and ill together' (Hunter 191). The attempts at forgiveness come mostly through the character of Hermione, his wife, who continually tries to reach out to Leontes and make him see the truth: Hermiones love is more, or represents more, than romantic love, for like Helenas and Imogens Hermiones love is a manifestation of Gods love for humanum genus (Hunter 191). Typically, this is also accomplished through divine intervention and a desire to get good with the gods, but Hunter does not see this to be the case with Leontes: For Leontes, this is the terrible truth about his own sinfulness and it should bring him, through self-knowledge, to contrition. But in his wrath, Leontes blasphemes by rejecting the word of the gods (Hunter 193). The gods, feeling capricious themselves and lashing out as Leontes rejection of their offer of forgiveness, show what happens when a humanum genus character does not see the light when given the chance: The death of Mamillius is the gods punishment of Leontes sins, and particularly for his final sin of blasphemy. Leontes, in his wrath, has tried to destroy all the manifestations of the gods grace except one his son (Hunter 193). This is further evidence of Leontes particular selfishness, as he does not quite reach the level of forgiveness that he needs to, thus necessitating these other pushes to rescind his sins: The gods will punish Leontes by keeping his daughter from himShakespeare, by deliberately altering the method of Perditas exposure, has insisted on presenting us with this further example of the pitiless methods by which heaven achieves its purposes (Hunter 195-196). Hunter, in examining The Winters Tale, differentiates it from other comedies of forgiveness by acknowledging that Leontes is particularly unrepentant. This was, evidently, Shakespeares attempt to subvert somewhat the comedy of forgiveness and portray a slightly more cynical outcome of these kinds of situations: The world which Shakespeare creates in The Winters Tale includes death, and any view of the play which fails to include it must be a partial view (Hunter 202). Shakespeare is seen to use this play to advance his statement about the human condition, in which we are inherently evil and we are full of malice given the right temperament and circumstances. At the same time, he hesitates to paint humanity with a broad brush and state categorically that the world should be a worse place than it is: Both happiness and misery, both joy and terror are human possibilities, and he insists upon the reality of both (Hunter 203). With inherent evil comes inherent goodness, and this constant conflict is what Shakespeare implies drives us toward forgiveness. However, unlike his other plays, that forgiveness does not take as quickly in The Winters Tale this forgiveness only comes at the end, when a miraculous turn of divine intervention brings Hermione back to life, and Leontes is forgiven for his sins. In Chapter 9, Hunter evaluates Measure for Measure under this same forgiveness criteria. In this play in particular, the offense of humanum genus is against, not love, but law (Hunter 204). The character of Angelo is directly responsible for the upending of society by instituting new social ethics that are not in the interest of the greater good; his institution of laws against sex outside of wedlock is shown as not only negative and dangerous, but also hypocritical as he sleeps with Isabella to circumvent the law, trading it for sexual favors. The humanum genus character is exemplified in different characters at different points, from Claudios need for forgiveness of his crimes, Isabellas need to get Claudio forgiven for his crimes, and Angelos forgiveness for his abuse of the law. All these characters eventually receive justice by the pleading and accepting of forgiveness from others by proxy: The charity which makes possible the happy ending of Measure for Measure has as its sourc e the knowledge and acceptance of our common humanity (Hunter 226). In Chapter 10, Hunter examines The Tempest as yet another comedy of forgiveness. As Hunter argues, the play itself can be seen as a romantic comedy of forgiveness, but this time The Tempest deals with the theme of forgiveness and the theme of romantic love in two separate actions. The erring humanum genus figure is not the romantic hero, his crimes do not include a rejection of romantic love, and romantic love is not the motive for his forgiveness (Hunter 228). In this case, the humanum genus figure is Alonso, as he has deposed Prospero from his dukedom and tried to kill Miranda and Prospero alike. This crime is the central focus of many of the actions of the other characters of the play, though it is not seen onstage, instead we hear about it from many different perspectives and constantly throughout the work. Ariel is then the character who manages to restore forgiveness to Alonso by making him confront his demons, though Alonso at first is driven toward self-destruction. Antonios own evils are also forgiven, if only because evil cannotbe finally and completely destroyed (Hunter 241). In his concluding chapter, Hunter notes that the insertion of comedies of forgiveness in Shakespeares plays is a last appeal to the complex of beliefs and attitudes which make up the Christian concept of forgiveness, as well as emphasizing paradoxically that the source of human mercy is seen as the sense of common humanity, the knowledge of shared weakness (Hunter 242-243). The humanum genus characters who require forgiveness in these plays are forgiven by their lovers, their governments, their leaders and Godlike figures alike, thus likening the forgiveness of Man with the forgiveness of God. The world of Shakespeares comedies of forgiveness is one where hate and love are opposed to one another in a precarious balance which only just permits the ascendancy of love and order (Hunter 245). The behavior of the humanum genus character threatens that good through hate, jealousy or cruelty of some form, and it is the goal of others and that character to recognize their own faults and seek /grant/accept forgiveness from God or their fellows. Hunters examination of the role of forgiveness in Shakespeares plays is a detailed, thoughtful and thorough one, in which many of Shakespeares more controversial and oft-overlooked plays are given proper explanation and explication as comedies of forgiveness not as an excuse for perceived poor quality, but merely to explain the consistency of these themes and their presence. All six plays share, as one of their major concerns, an insistence upon the necessity of forgiveness as an essential condition of human happiness. Charity, born of self-knowledge and of a recognition of evil as inherent to human nature, is the virtue which they primarily exalt (Hunter 205). This is linked all the way back to the medieval tradition of the emphasis on forgiveness from God for our sins; Shakespeare effectively evolves this desire for forgiveness and places it in the hands of fellow human beings, who carry the goodness of God inside them and in their potential (Hunter 245). Works Cited Hunter, Robert Grams. Shakespeare and the Comedy of Forgiveness. New York: Columbia University Press, 1965.

The Competitive Advantage of Microsoft and Its Hr

1) What is Microsoft’s competitive advantage? How is supported/constrained by human resource management? Microsoft Corporation is one of the largest and most influential companies in the personal computer industry. It has won several awards for innovation, for their commitment to diversity, and for their flexible work arrangements. It has always been a leader in the market with regard to its compensation. With 80,0004 employees across the world, having more than $15 billion revenue, it is one of the biggest and best†known technology companies in the world. It’s successful because of their workplace environment, empowerment of employee ideas, and their employee benefits. These elements are the result of the strategy that the Microsoft†¦show more content†¦from the first days of the company, where were the founders (Bill Gates and Paul Allen) the ones that did the first recruitment and selection. Their aim was to find the smart and the best people, that preferentially did not have any experience. The Microsoft is the company that offers job also young people and talented graduates, which will, in companies opinion contribute by bringing in fresh innovation and ideas (we now that one of the major objectives are to generate new product, easily to use).this philosophy is also shown in Microsoft’s ‘n minus 1’ strategy, that means that in the company are employed less people that required, what shows the importance of hiring the right people, then just to fill a position. About the recruitment program Before being hired every candidate has to pass an intense interview. Each candidate is interviewed by at les 3 up to 10 Microsoft employee. The interview was based on their though processes, problem-solving abilities , writing the line code, than based on experience and knowledge (for Bill Gates the ability to think creatively was more important then acquired knowledge, as the ambition was rather then experience). Then there are also technical interviews where was asked to solve programming problems. After that the interviewers exchange between each other impressions (hire, no-hire) and suggestions for follow up. So the weaknesses of candidates mentioned by other interviewers were later treatedShow MoreRelatedThe Competitive Advantage of Microsoft and Its Hr1363 Words   |  6 Pages1) What is Microsoft’s competitive advantage? How is supported/constrained by human resource management? Microsoft Corporation is one of the largest and most influential companies in the personal computer industry. It has won several awards for innovation, for their commitment to diversity, and for their flexible work arrangements. It has always been a leader in the market with regard to its compensation. With 80,0004 employees  across the world, having more than $15 billion revenue, it is one ofRead MoreEssay Recruitment and Selection of Microsoft Employees1475 Words   |  6 Pagesability tests, cognitive ability tests, personality inventories, work samples, or honesty and drug tests have their advantages and disadvantages (Noe et al., 2011). Employers must also consider federal laws and regulations when executing this practice as such laws offer a framework for employee rights (Myers, 2003). Certainly, in order for corporations to obtain competitive advantage, the recruitment and selection HRM practices must allocate individuals with competencies and a willingness to demonstrateRead MoreMicrosoft Case Study Harvard Business School3008 Words   |  13 PagesMicrosoft’s core source of competitive advantage was the ability to attract, motivate and retain superior people. In attracting employees Microsoft mainly targeted the stars. Stars are the core employees that can add value to the organization through their knowledge, skills and abilities (Boselie, 2010). At Microsoft there has been a hands on mentality made for ambitious people. Lepak and Snell (2007) built a theory about different employees and its HR strategies. Microsoft has an internalized andRead MoreOrganizational Development And Employee Engagement1176 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategic HR tool that the department uses is corporate development. We begin with developing a team of leaders selected and charged with combating the development problems in the department so that communication and collaboration were again a working part of our staff. By convincing agencies to work together for the common goal and creating an innovation agenda around which all employees can unite (Sissoms, n.d.). I would push for a talent management program because I believe it would make our HR departmentRead MoreThe Microsoft Vega Case Study1348 Words   |  6 PagesThis course teaches us that when an organization has made an investment in an asset, and the asset has been determined valuable by the organization, it is less likely to dismiss it. In the Microsoft Vega Case Stud y, we are faced with the fact that Matt MacLellan is now dissatisfied with his project manager role. With wanting to shift his role to becoming a developer despite that he has never written code professionally, Kaplan is now faced with the decision of whether to support his career shiftRead MoreUnit 4 D1 Btec Level 3 Business1022 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication to maintain a secure and effective way of communicating within the corporation. A strategic decision that the IT department has made at Coca Cola headquarters is to upgrade its current communications platforms. (Coca-Cola Enterprises Embraces Microsoft Software-plus-Services to Unify Its Workforce, 2008) Coca Cola did this because the current platform did not encourage new innovation and collaboration that was required to take it to the next level and compete in an increasingly demanding economicRead MoreHuman Resource Management: The Guardian of Ethics1724 Words   |  7 Pagesacquiring, training, appraising and compensating employees, and of attending to their labor relations, health and safety and fairness concern. â€Å"Human Resource Management is a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an array of cultural, structural and personal techniques† Storey (1995) Human Resource Management is a managerial perspective which argues the need to establishRead MoreThe Elements Of Globalization And Their Impact On Hr Functions1565 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elements of Globalization and Their Impact on HR Functions For businesses to compete in a global society, they need to integrate their current business structure into a more diverse culture. Since corporations are putting a stronger emphasis on diversity to stay competitive; globalization has impacted how these companies are managing its workforce. Firms that have a perception on the effects that globalization has on its human resources management, will help its managers to become better equippedRead MoreGlobal Online Advertising : Relevant Industry1512 Words   |  7 Pageshas maintained its market share, Facebook has shown growth in the last three years. In 2012, Facebook had a market share of 4.1% and in 2014 it had a market share of 7.8% (eMarketer, 2015). In 2013, Facebook bought an ad serve known as Atlas from Microsoft that allowed advertisers to make automated bids for ad inventory. Display ad revenues have grown must faster for Facebook than Google. Facebook has vividly revamped its business model allowing mobile ad revenue to make up 62% in overall revenue forRead MoreHow The Free Marketplace Within Our Economy933 Words   |  4 Pagesprovides business owners the independence to design and supply almost anything. But this fluid environment can also limit and even closedown a company if the demand for their products isn’t sustained. The company Apple Inc. is known for their competitive advantages in the current marketplace and worldwide. This company is known for their creation and design of Macintosh personal computers and its signature look is in the shape of an apple, creating instant visible product recognition for customers. Currently The Competitive Advantage of Microsoft and Its Hr 1) What is Microsoft’s competitive advantage? How is supported/constrained by human resource management? Microsoft Corporation is one of the largest and most influential companies in the personal computer industry. It has won several awards for innovation, for their commitment to diversity, and for their flexible work arrangements. It has always been a leader in the market with regard to its compensation. With 80,0004 employees across the world, having more than $15 billion revenue, it is one of the biggest and best†known technology companies in the world. It’s successful because of their workplace environment, empowerment of employee ideas, and their employee benefits. These elements are the result of the strategy that the Microsoft is†¦show more content†¦Microsoft counted too in development through personal mentoring. That means that just hired persons had the responsibility to learn from their colleagues. That is the reason why coaching and mentoring take part of Microsoft values. There were also situation when Gates in person organized meeting where employees presented the presentations and all together discussed about the argument. This way the kind of challenge for them, to see their preparation, which contributed to acquire more knowledge. About the motivation employee and reward system In order to support the motivation of the employees is important to understand what motivates each of them. Most of people hired are motivated also by the environment that Microsoft gives. To understand such needs is charged HR department, which will try to support the employees to develop them self and also to progress (that’s the part of work culture). Motivation can be described as giving to employees all they need (such appropriate environment, where work), in return for achievement of companies goals. The employees have to give their best, and Microsoft will give them all resources they need (plan benefits, resources, food). The Microsoft retains people very important resource and this is reflected also in its reward system. In the system we find link between individual performance and reword , with semi-annual performance reviews (evaluation byShow MoreRelatedThe Competitive Advantage of Microsoft and Its Hr1354 Words   |  6 Pages1) What is Microsoft’s competitive advantage? How is supported/constrained by human resource management? Microsoft Corporation is one of the largest and most influential companies in the personal computer industry. It has won several awards for innovation, for their commitment to diversity, and for their flexible work arrangements. It has always been a leader in the market with regard to its compensation. With 80,0004 employees  across the world, having more than $15 billion revenue, it is oneRead MoreEssay Recruitment and Selection of Microsoft Employees1475 Words   |  6 Pagesability tests, cognitive ability tests, personality inventories, work samples, or honesty and drug tests have their advantages and disadvantages (Noe et al., 2011). Employers must also consider federal laws and regulations when executing this practice as such laws offer a framework for employee rights (Myers, 2003). Certainly, in order for corporations to obtain competitive advantage, the recruitment and selection HRM practices must allocate individuals with competencies and a willingness to demonstrateRead MoreMicrosoft Case Study Harvard Business School3008 Words   |  13 PagesMicrosoft’s core source of competitive advantage was the ability to attract, motivate and retain superior people. In attracting employees Microsoft mainly targeted the stars. Stars are the core employees that can add value to the organization through their knowledge, skills and abilities (Boselie, 2010). At Microsoft there has been a hands on mentality made for ambitious people. Lepak and Snell (2007) built a theory about different employees and its HR strategies. Microsoft has an internalized andRead MoreOrganizational Development And Employee Engagement1176 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategic HR tool that the department uses is corporate development. We begin with developing a team of leaders selected and charged with combating the development problems in the department so that communication and collaboration were again a working part of our staff. By convincing agencies to work together for the common goal and creating an innovation agenda around which all employees can unite (Sissoms, n.d.). I would push for a talent management program because I believe it would make our HR departmentRead MoreThe Microsoft Vega Case Study1348 Words   |  6 PagesThis course teaches us that when an organization has made an investment in an asset, and the asset has been determined valuable by the organization, it is less likely to dismiss it. In the Microsoft Vega Case Stud y, we are faced with the fact that Matt MacLellan is now dissatisfied with his project manager role. With wanting to shift his role to becoming a developer despite that he has never written code professionally, Kaplan is now faced with the decision of whether to support his career shiftRead MoreUnit 4 D1 Btec Level 3 Business1022 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication to maintain a secure and effective way of communicating within the corporation. A strategic decision that the IT department has made at Coca Cola headquarters is to upgrade its current communications platforms. (Coca-Cola Enterprises Embraces Microsoft Software-plus-Services to Unify Its Workforce, 2008) Coca Cola did this because the current platform did not encourage new innovation and collaboration that was required to take it to the next level and compete in an increasingly demanding economicRead MoreHuman Resource Management: The Guardian of Ethics1724 Words   |  7 Pagesacquiring, training, appraising and compensating employees, and of attending to their labor relations, health and safety and fairness concern. â€Å"Human Resource Management is a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an array of cultural, structural and personal techniques† Storey (1995) Human Resource Management is a managerial perspective which argues the need to establishRead MoreThe Elements Of Globalization And Their Impact On Hr Functions1565 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elements of Globalization and Their Impact on HR Functions For businesses to compete in a global society, they need to integrate their current business structure into a more diverse culture. Since corporations are putting a stronger emphasis on diversity to stay competitive; globalization has impacted how these companies are managing its workforce. Firms that have a perception on the effects that globalization has on its human resources management, will help its managers to become better equippedRead MoreGlobal Online Advertising : Relevant Industry1512 Words   |  7 Pageshas maintained its market share, Facebook has shown growth in the last three years. In 2012, Facebook had a market share of 4.1% and in 2014 it had a market share of 7.8% (eMarketer, 2015). In 2013, Facebook bought an ad serve known as Atlas from Microsoft that allowed advertisers to make automated bids for ad inventory. Display ad revenues have grown must faster for Facebook than Google. Facebook has vividly revamped its business model allowing mobile ad revenue to make up 62% in overall revenue forRead MoreHow The Free Marketplace Within Our Economy933 Words   |  4 Pagesprovides business owners the independence to design and supply almost anything. But this fluid environment can also limit and even closedown a company if the demand for their products isn’t sustained. The company Apple Inc. is known for their competitive advantages in the current marketplace and worldwide. This company is known for their creation and design of Macintosh personal computers and its signature look is in the shape of an apple, creating instant visible product recognition for customers. Currently

Hamlet Love for Ophelia Free Essays

Hamlets Love For Ophelia Although the play Hamlet was written nearly 450 years ago by William Shakespeare, scholars still pose the question, â€Å"Did Hamlet really love Ophelia? † I believe Hamlet had feelings for Ophelia, but he never demonstrated true love for her. Several times in the play Hamlet denies his love for Ophelia. If he truly loved her, he would not want to hurt her. We will write a custom essay sample on Hamlet Love for Ophelia or any similar topic only for you Order Now When Hamlet accidently killed Polonius, he did not try to console Ophelia. If he truly loved her, he would have been at her side to provide comfort in her time of grief. Even at Ophelia’s funeral, he did not profess his love for Ophelia. If he truly loved her, he would have proclaimed his love for her to those present at the funeral. Hamlet’s actions prove that he didn’t have true love for Ophelia. The first time Hamlet denies his love for Ophelia is in Act III Scene I. Hamlet declares â€Å"I did love you once† after Ophelia has broken up with him. Ophelia replies â€Å"Indeed my lord you made me believe so. † Hamlet then pronounces, â€Å"You should not have believed me. † This demonstrates that Hamlet really did not love Ophelia. He continues on to express his lack of feelings for her, â€Å"I give you this plague of dowry; be thou chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shall not escape calumny. † He tells her to go away or he will destroy her good name. Although he might just be spewing words of bitterness because Ophelia has ended their relationship, if he really cared for her he would not want to slander her reputation. His lack concern for her virtuous character supports the argument that he does not truly love Ophelia. In Act III Scene IV Hamlet accidently slays Polonius. After doing so he feels no remorse and announces, â€Å"Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell. I took thee for thy better. † He believes Polonius got what he deserved. His lack of remorse for killing Ophelia’s father show he is not concerned with her feelings. Rather than feeling saddened by this unfortunate event, Hamlet takes delight in the fact that he has killed an eavesdropper who should not have been in the room listening to a private conversation. Not only is he pleased with the fact he has killed Polonius, but he also hides the body so there can be no proper burial for Polonius. If he truly loved Ophelia, he would want to express sorrow for her loss and support her through her grief. The death of Ophelia’s father causes her to go mad and she never recovers from the loss. Ultimately, she drowns in the brook, possibly committing suicide. Hamlet never goes to Ophelia to comfort her even though her actions indicate she is loosing her sanity. He leaves for England, at the urging of Claudius, rather than stay in Denmark where he could have monitored the health of Ophelia. If Hamlet truly loved Ophelia, he would have been there for her in her time of need. In the final act Hamlet is at the graveyard when he learns of Ophelia’s death. He is speaking with a gravedigger when Claudius enters with Gertrude, Laertes, a priest, mourners and a coffin. Hamlet hears Laertes voice and realizes he is speaking of Ophelia and it is her funeral. Hamlet enters the scene and jumps into Ophelia’s grave. Laertes proclaims’ â€Å"The devil take thy soul,† and he grapples with Hamlet. It is at this point Hamlet declares his love for Ophelia. â€Å"I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum. What wilt thou do for her? † Hamlet only expresses his love for Ophelia after fighting with Laertes. He is trying to out do Laertes with his show of emotion. Even his mother is not convinced of his true love. She states, â€Å"This is mere madness. † In other words she is saying this too shall pass. Hamlet will get over Ophelia’s death. If he truly loved Ophelia, he would have grieved longer over her death. His display of emotion at the graveyard was only in response to the grief of Laertes and not a true love for Ophelia. If Hamlet had truly loved Ophelia, his actions would have demonstrated his true feelings. Instead he only professed his love for Ophelia when it was convenient for him. He used her for his gains and did not really show compassion for her. Even in her death he did not express genuine love for her. How to cite Hamlet Love for Ophelia, Papers

Reflective Essay for Leadership Behavior @Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Writeabout theReflective Essayfor Leadership Behavior. Answer: Understand Leadership Behavior Common to all Group Contexts Leadership in group is one of the major ways in which groups could operate effectively. Depending on the number of group members it is highly likely that there should be one leader to direct and manage the group effectively. Apart from other people management and task allocation it is also important to understand the factors that lead to better behavior among group members. Even ownership of task is an important factor that leads to leadership. Thus every person in the group can be a leader in his or her own way. In my case I was responsible for managing logistics within the team. I was a steward in my own way. I would effectively follow all tasks and complete them in time (Brown and Young 2014). Understand Difference Between Task Functions and Maintenance Functions There are two major types of functions, task and maintenance functions. Task functions look at the role content and content of work. This is thus looking at the achievements of the group. Maintenance functions look at the roles that look at satisfaction of group members as a whole. It also looks at how the completion of tasks. These are both leadership roles and can be shared by every group member. Thus leadership can be everyones responsibility and prerogative (Wald and Reis 2012). Even ownership of task is an important factor that leads to leadership. Thus every person in the group can be a leader in his or her own way. In my case I was responsible for managing logistics within the team. I was a steward in my own way. I would effectively follow all tasks and complete them in time (Chen and Forbes 2014). Learn a Bit about Responding to non-Functional Behaviors in Groups A lot of responsibility for non-functional behaviors is related to the group dynamics and contribution of a climate for mutuality and community building. There are several key roles that can be seen in non-functional behaviors. These include gatekeepers, encouragers and harmonizers. These are very important describers of emotional climate that help in deciding several factors in the consensus testers, processing and observing various factors that lead to tension relievers and process observers in the group (OLoughlin and Griffith 2013). Maintenance functions look at the roles that look at satisfaction of group members as a whole. It also looks at how the completion of tasks. These are both leadership roles and can be shared by every group member. Thus leadership can be everyones responsibility and prerogative. In my case I was responsible for managing logistics within the team. I was a steward in my own way. I would effectively follow all tasks and complete them in time. These are important factors that help in deciding several factors in group building and solvency activities. Stages of Group Development The major stages are inclusion, control and openness. These are important functions that lead to complete information. These lead to complete information on the importance of various factors that lead to information seekers and maintenance roles are important for the proper functioning of the group. These include gatekeepers, encouragers and harmonizers. These are very important describers of emotional climate that help in deciding several factors in the consensus testers, processing and observing various factors that lead to tension relievers and process observers in the group. Vital Task Roles The various tasks that are involved look at the importance of different phrases of any activity and maintenance levels. The different roles are initiators and information givers these are the most common roles in any group. There are also an important class of information seekers and opinion givers. These are important tasks in the process of group integration and role play. Thus opinion seekers and elaborators have to be summarized and clarified the seeker of information over the timeline of information. Leadership in group is one of the major ways in which groups could operate effectively. Depending on the number of group members it is highly likely that there should be one leader to direct and manage the group effectively (Armstrong 2014). Focus on Group Technique Building There are various steps that decide how effective team management can be. These steps are deciding the information required for the activity, then providing the rationale for exercising the activity and why a relevant stage of group development is required. Thus anticipated queries from members in advanced integrative suggestions. This is an anticipated question from members which can be addressed with better research and preparation. Thus inviting team members and thus an enthusiasm and reassured sense of feelings lead to concerns and feelings for team members instead. Conclusion This is course has been a complete reflective and self-developing experience for me. I have reflected and learned how concepts like evidence, data, emotional intelligence and critical thinking. This has also led to a deep understanding of self-awareness and what has influenced my thoughts over the last semester. I have also understood the importance of writing and research methodology including extensive surveys. The purpose of this essay will also be to look at how to develop group skills and the necessity for to look at and evaluate how participation in the group and recognize what was learnt about self and about group process in general. There will be an evaluation of group participation and factors that lead to better understanding of group functions. The essay would explain with concrete examples and direct integration of course to ensure that the focus is primarily on your self-evaluation assessment and justification. Maintenance functions are role oriented that look at satisfaction of group members through coordination. It also looks at how the completion of tasks. These are both leadership roles and can be shared by every group member. Thus leadership can be everyones responsibility and prerogative. Thus an anticipated question from members can be addressed with better research and preparation. Thus inviting team members and thus an enthusiasm and reassured sense of feelings lead to concerns and feelings for team members instead. The purpose of this essay will also be to look at how to develop group skills. It will also serve the necessity to look at and evaluate how participation in the group and recognition for the learning about self. These activities also help understand group processes in general. There will be an evaluation of group participation and factors that lead to better understanding of group functions. References OLoughlin, V.D. and Griffith, L.M., 2013. Reflective writing highlights improved student metacognition in an upper level undergraduate anatomy course.The FASEB Journal,27(1 Supplement), pp.957-1. Armstrong, G.A. 2014. Bringing our whole person to whole person care: Fostering reflective capacity with interactive reflective writing in health professions education.International Journal of Whole Person Care,1(1). Wald, H.S., and Reis, S.P., 2012. Fostering and evaluating reflective capacity in medical education: developing the REFLECT rubric for assessing reflective writing.Academic Medicine,87(1), pp.41-50. Brown, K., and Young, T., 2014. Board# 108-Research Abstract Using Reflective Writing to Assess Impact of an Inter-Professional Cardio-Pulmonary Workshop for Medical, Nursing and Respiratory Therapy Students (Submission# 8645).Simulation in Healthcare,9(6), p.400. Farrell, T.S.C., 2013.Reflective writing for language teachers. Sheffield: Equinox. Chen, I. and Forbes, C., 2014. Reflective writing and its impact on empathy in medical education: systematic review.Journal of educational evaluation for health professions,11, p.20.